Faced with her father being sent to prison, Isabel and her family (her pregnant Mami, Papi, and grandfather Lito) decide to band together with Isabel's best friend Ivan and his family, the Castillos. His mother, father, little brother Waleed, and baby sister Hana barely manage to escape the bombing of their apartment building. Isabel wakes up, still in the boat, now 3 days from home. Purchasing If there are two dates, the date of publication and appearance It gives the reader an unflinching look at the humanity, courage, and struggle of refugees seeking safety and freedom. The passage of the two families is secured by Lito, who throws himself into the water to distract the US Coast Guard. Josef recites the blessing and after the ceremony everyone congratulates him. The second is the date of How does each of the characters experience the feeling of fear inRefugeeby Alan Gratz? The trip is initially joyous and hopeful. Interestingly, the stories are also tied together through the symbolism of water and boats. His 2017 novel Refugee has spent more than two years on the New York Times bestseller list, and is the winner of 14 state awards. . He is gaunt and thin; looking "like an escapee from a mental asylum" (36). Creating notes and highlights requires a free LitCharts account. Teachers and parents! Some novels are engaging and some novels are important. While they travel, they ask if anyone has seen Hana. Definitions and examples of 136 literary terms and devices. Refugee Alan Gratz Study Guide Summary Plot Overview Chapter Summaries Summary Chapter Summaries Josef / Berlin, Germany-1938 Josef Landau is a twelve-year-old boy living in Nazi Germany. eNotes Editorial. For Aaron, it represents a metaphorical death, as he disappears into the water and subsequently out of Josefs life. The places where they live are in a horrifying state of turmoil. Even Mahmouds precarious raft is a promise of tomorrow. Note: When citing an online source, it is important to include all necessary dates. online is the same, and will be the first date in the citation. Summary Josef is still outside the Havana Harbor, 21 days from home. However, despite the presence of kind adults like Captain Schroeder, the ship is also haunted by Nazi spies, like Otto Schiendick, who mistreat Jews. Josef understands himself to be German, and yet the Nazis are trying to take away this aspect of German Jewish peoples identity. eNotes.com will help you with any book or any question. Josefs hope starts to waver following the discovery that the ship may not actually allow them to find a new life in Cuba. How does the. Their city of Aleppo is in ruins and the family decide that leaving Syria is their only option if they wish to survive. Josef's father, along with thousands of other Jewish men, was arrested and sent to Dachau, a concentration camp. When the St. Louis reaches Havana Harbor in Cuba, the ship is not allowed to dock. A large part of the novels narrative focuses on boats, which represent tenuous hope. In the book "Games at Twilight", what details do you notice that show this story is not taking place in the United States? Teach your students to analyze literature like LitCharts does. Im a big fan of that, and it was executed brilliantly here. However, unspeakable tragedy occurs when Ivn dies in a sudden shark attack. Lito atones for the past by treading water and returning to Cuba. With the fall of the Soviet Union, aid to Cuba has dried up, and many families starve. Before long, the raft capsizes, and the family stays alive by floating in the frigid water, their counterfeit life jackets refusing to work. If there are three dates, the first date is the date of the original A biblical reference to Noahs ark as the sanctuary bridging creatures over troubled waters is implicit in the novels boat imagery. Isabel Fernandezis escaping Castro's Cuba in 1994. Thus, the sea comes to represent death, chaos, and uncertainty at one level. Each version of Storyboard That has a different privacy and security model that is tailored for the expected usage. The second date is today's This is a must read for anyone, especially people who like history. Chapter 1 Summary: "Josef: Berlin, Germany1938". All storyboards and images are private and secure. Save over 50% with a SparkNotes PLUS Annual Plan! Its other accolades include the Sydney Taylor Book Award, the National Jewish Book Award, the Cybils Middle Grade Fiction Award, a Charlotte Huck Award Honor, and a Malka Penn Award for . These arent completely true stories, but these things do happen to real people, even today. 2023 eNotes.com, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Josef: Train to Hamburg - 1939, 1 day Themes and Colors Key Summary Analysis After school, Mahmoud, Waleed, and their mother, Fatima, do their usual afternoon prayer. From the creators of SparkNotes, something better. A few of the crew, however, openly dislike the Jewish passengers, especially Otto Schiendick, who proudly states his Nazi allegiance. As Gratz observes in his authors note to the novel, the MS St. Louis was a real ship carrying 937 passengers, almost all of them Jews fleeing Nazi atrocities, that set sail for Cuba from Hamburg in 1939. publication in traditional print. Renew your subscription to regain access to all of our exclusive, ad-free study tools. The way the content is organized, Mahmoud: The Mediterranean 2015, 11 days (3), Isabel: Between Bahamas and Florida 1994, 5 days (1), LitCharts assigns a color and icon to each theme in, Injustice and Cruelty vs. Scholastic|July 25,2017|Ages 8and Up. In the end, these three stories are connected. He watches his friends' father, whom had already sought asylum in Cuba, come to pick up his daughters on the boat. You'll be able to access your notes and highlights, make requests, and get updates on new titles. After drifting off to the Bahamas, the Fernandez and Castillo families finally steer back on course to reach Florida, but not before Isabels mother delivers her baby brother in the boat. Because of this, they all want to escape to a safer place. You can view our. All are escaping persecution and seeking safety and freedom. Last Updated on June 29, 2020, by eNotes Editorial. Meanwhile, the civil war in Syria still continues to precipitate one of the worst humanitarian crises in history. The St. Louis was an actual ship that sailed from Hamburg to Cuba in May, 1939 under the command of Captain Gustav Schrder. Isabel trades her trumpet to a fisherman for gasoline, paying her familys way onto Ivns familys boat. Definitions and examples of 136 literary terms and devices. Our, "Sooo much more helpful thanSparkNotes. Josefs father is convinced there is a trap, so Josef and his mother go without him. Please wait while we process your payment. The novel begins with the story line of twelve-year-old Josef, a Jewish boy in Germany. Fast paced, insightful, filled with drama and tension. However, the trouble begins when the ship docks in Havana harbor and the Cuban government does not allow the passengers to disembark. On the sea, Mahmoud is marooned in the freezing Mediterranean, which ultimately capsizes his ramshackle raft. Mahmoud Bishara's story begins in 2015, during the ongoing Syrian Civil War. This Study Guide consists of approximately 70pages of chapter summaries, quotes, character analysis, themes, and more - They take a train to board the St. Louis, where it feels like paradise compared to the treatment they received the last couple of years. Mahmoud Bisharas story is the most recent: he and his family live in Aleppo, Syria, in 2015 and escape to Germany. All storyboards are public and can be viewed and copied by anyone. Meeting Aaron at Hamburg, Josef is shocked to see his once-confident father visibly anxious and harrowed. Josef is a Jewish boy in 1930s Nazi Germany. This summary should be accessible to high beginning or low intermediate ENL students. Your subscription will continue automatically once the free trial period is over. All three families make their asylum-seeking journeys on boats through perilous waters. on 2-49 accounts, Save 30% However, beneath the surface, the ride isnt as perfect as it looks, and Josef has to take the initiative several times. Renews March 11, 2023 They're like having in-class notes for every discussion!, This is absolutely THE best teacher resource I have ever purchased. date the date you are citing the material. Finally, storyboards are a great way to assess student understanding because they provide a visual representation of student learning. Log in here. Ruth promises to help Mahmoud find Hana. This is thebeets in a brownieof kid lit. The St. Louis could not save Josef, just as the Castillos boat could not save Ivn. Josef did, and he sacrificed himself for Ruth. It is shabbos and time for Josefs Bar Mitzvah, the Jewish religious ceremony when a Jewish boy turns 13 years old. Creating notes and highlights requires a free LitCharts account. In Isabels journey, Ivn is claimed by sharks, which symbolize the life-taking maw of the ocean. The free trial period is the first 7 days of your subscription. | What can you learn about the people and the time period from these allusions? Get Annual Plans at a discount when you buy 2 or more! The Bisharas set sail on the crowded raft, standing in the freezing rain and cold. Teachers can view all of their students storyboards, but students can only view their own. You'll also get updates on new titles we publish and the ability to save highlights and notes. With riots and unrest plaguing her country, she and her family set out on a raft, hoping to find safety and freedom in America It only gets worse for them, but in the end, he learns a powerful life lesson: Its better to be visible than invisible, because even though the bad people can harm you, the good people can help you. These arent completely true stories, but these things do happen to real people, even today. My students love how organized the handouts are and enjoy tracking the themes as a class., Requesting a new guide requires a free LitCharts account. The second is the date of Definitions and examples of 136 literary terms and devices. Josef's father suffers greatly from post traumatic stress disorder from his months of torture, starvation, and hard labor in the concentration camp. date the date you are citing the material. (including. Storyboards also promote higher-level thinking by encouraging students to synthesize information and think critically about what they have read. Josef, Isabel, and Mahmouds strands begin to converge. Mahmoud's story is set in Syria in 2015 during the Syrian Civil War. Isabels beloved grandfather Litoshort for Abuelitois on board as well, though he is unsure about leaving Cuba. Josef's family is finally reunited months later in 1939, and they attempt to escape Nazi Germany aboard the M.S. Refugee: Josef: Havana Harbor - 1939, 19 days (2) Summary & Analysis Next. Isabel's story is like that of thousands of other Cuban immigrants who all fled Castro's Cuba. If you don't see it, please check your spam folder. Teachers may opt to lower the security if they want to allow sharing. Josef wonders what this means for (read more from the Pages 74 - 109 Summary). Instant PDF downloads. Creating notes and highlights requires a free LitCharts account. They run into several problems, like being in bloody water with many sharks around on a sinking boat and there are high stakes at the end. The citation above will include either 2 or 3 dates. This is how Mahmoud puts it: No one cares about us if we stay out of your way, but if we come near you were seen as a burden. Subscribe now. The interplay between water and vessel, then, marks the unpredictable nature of a refugees journey. Members will be prompted to log in or create an account to redeem their group membership. Active Themes Related Quotes with Explanations For the next 7 days, you'll have access to awesome PLUS stuff like AP English test prep, No Fear Shakespeare translations and audio, a note-taking tool, personalized dashboard, & much more! Instant PDF downloads. The author can choose to leave the storyboard public or mark it as Unlisted. Josef again shows his passage into adulthood, as he notices and worries about his mothers mental condition. Gratzs stirring novel humanizes the plight of refugees worldwide. Lito is rescued and deported to Cuba. Already a member? From the creators of SparkNotes, something better. publication online or last modification online. What were some allusions (references to real people, places, events, religious practices, art, literature) present in the novel? to start your free trial of SparkNotes Plus. Already a member? The Landau's went through many hardships during the . A passing, overcrowded boat cannot accommodate all of them, but at Mahmouds insistence, a woman onboard agrees to take Hana. Find related themes, quotes, symbols, characters, and more. Unlisted storyboards can be shared via a link, but otherwise will remain hidden. Once he is released, the family flees to Cuba. Teacher Editions with classroom activities for all 1699 titles we cover. Use up and down arrows to review and enter to select. Seor Castillo, who is passive for much of the action, pulls Isabel into the water at the end of the novel to ensure that she reaches the American coast. What I really like about this book is the changing perspectives. Refugee Chapters 22-32 Summary & Analysis. Josef and his family flee Nazi Germany in 1938; Isabel and her family flee Cuba in 1994; and Mahmoud and his family flee Syria in 2015. By signing up you agree to our terms and privacy policy. Water becomes the agent of change in each of these cases, emphasizing the centrality of adapting to survival. Mahmouds father arranges for a smuggler to take them to the island of Lesbos, in Greece. Our, "Sooo much more helpful thanSparkNotes. Josef is loyal, compassionate, paternal, and selfless. Lito keeps reminding himself and Isabel that they will get to America tomorrowmaanaa promise that soon reveals a deeper meaning. Christina Diaz Gonzalez, author of The Red Umbrella and A Thunderous Whisper. The Nazis labelling Aarons practice as a crime against the German people inherently detaches them from their own German culture. for a customized plan. You can also use Storyboard That to create a summary of the book, a movie poster, or analyze themes and events. Frau Rosenberg takes Mahmoud aside and tells him the story of her childhood: she is Ruth, Josefs sister. Isabels story starts with a riot. Summary This section starts with Josef's perspective, somewhere on the Atlantic in 1939, "8 days from home" (74). 3 Mar. With the threat of concentration camps looming, he and his family board a ship bound for the other side of the world, Isabel is a Cuban girl in 1994. Students will see themselves in the young protagonists: children faced with tragic circumstances but who, at their heart, are just kids who love their families and want to live in peace. Yet instead of succumbing to the despair of these events, Josef and the rest of his family resolve to try to find a better life in a new country. What details do you notice that show that this story is not taking place in the United States? He is of average height with brown hair and brown eyes. They board the St. Louis, a large German ship, and set out. Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 6 days, Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 8 days, Isabel: Straits of Florida 1994, 1 day (1), Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 10 days, Isabel: Straits of Florida 1994, 1 day (2), Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 11 days, Isabel: The Straits of Florida 1994, 1 day (3), Mahmoud: Izmir, Turkey 2015, 11 days (1), Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 14 days, Isabel: The Straits of Florida 1994, 1 day (4), Mahmoud: Izmir, Turkey 2015, 11 days (2), Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 17 days, Isabel: Straits of Florida 1994, 2 days, Mahmoud: The Mediterranean 2015, 11 days (1), Mahmoud: The Mediterranean 2015, 11 days (2), Isabel: Between Bahamas and Florida 1994, 4 days, Mahmoud: Lesbos to Athens 2015, 12 days (3), Isabel: Between Bahamas and Florida 1994, 5 days (2), Mahmoud: Macedonia to Serbia 2015, 14-15 days, Isabel: Coast of Florida 1994, 5 days (1), Mahmoud: Serbia to Hungary 2015, 15-16 days, Isabel: Coast of Florida 1994, 5 days (2), Isabel: Coast of Florida 1994, 5 days (3), Josef: Vornay, France 1940, 1 year, 1 month, 10 days, Isabel: Coast of Florida 1994, 5 days (4), Mahmoud: Hungary to Germany 2015, 17 days. Once a beautiful, thriving city, Aleppo is now a bombed shell of its former self. Josefs story starts with Kristallnacht, the Night of Broken Glass in 1938. https://www.storyboardthat.com/lesson-plans/refugee-by-alan-gratz, *(This Will Start a 2-Week Free Trial - No Credit Card Needed). The novel follows the stories of three refugee children in three different geographic locations and points in time. Gratz accomplishes a feat that is nothing short of brilliantPoignant, respectful, and historically accurate while pulsating with emotional turmoil, adventure, and suspense. The ship leaves for Europe, and Captain Schroeder promises to divide the passengers between England, Belgium, the Netherlands, and France. -Graham S. Would not have made it through AP Literature without the printable PDFs. They run into several problems, like being in bloody water with many sharks around on a sinking boat and there are high stakes at the end. You have successfully joined Alan's newsletter list! Start your 48-hour free trial to get access to more than 30,000 additional guides and more than 350,000 Homework Help questions answered by our experts. The woman promises Mahmoud that she will help them find Hana and reveals to them her own story of being a refugee. Detailed quotes explanations with page numbers for every important quote on the site. The Nazis invade France just a few months after Josefs family arrives there. The two families face many challenges as they try to cross the Caribbean Sea to Florida. Ed. Empathy and Social Responsibility. What are some of the themes, symbols and motifs present in the novel? Anincredibly important, heartrending, edge-of-the-seat read, bringing light to the plight of immigrants who search for safety and freedom. Complete your free account to access notes and highlights, Refugee: Josef and Rachel were captured by the Nazis, while Ruth was adopted by a kind French family. If there are two dates, the date of publication and appearance On Kristallnacht, the Night of Broken Glass, members of the Brownshirts, the police force of Nazi Germany, invade Josefs house and take away his father, Aaron Landau. The places where they live are in a horrifying state of turmoil. In 1938, his home is raided by Nazi storm troopers, and his father is taken to the Dachau concentration camp. His family decides to leave and trek to Germany. What is the setting of "Games at Twilight" by Anita Desai? Word Count: 1050. This is a fascinating tale. Contact us Even amongst people who have lost everything, they still have empathy toward this man who showed the same courtesy to a fellow Jewish person. In addition, any storyboard can be made sharable, where a private link to the storyboard can be shared externally. Josefs father gets sent to a concentration camp. His father refuses to leave the cabin, thinking the gathering is a Nazi trap. Summary & Analysis Josef: Berlin, Germany - 1938; Isabel: Outside Havana, Cuba - 1994 (1) Mahmoud: Aleppo, Syria - 2015 (1) . Find related themes, quotes, symbols, characters, and more. Thanks for creating a SparkNotes account! (He is Officer Padron from Josefs story.) Josef demonstrates his personal desire to grow up, but over the course of the novel he comes to recognize the value of being able to be a child. If there are three dates, the first date is the date of the original Josef and his family flee Nazi Germany in 1938; Isabel and her family flee Cuba in 1994; and Mahmoud and his family flee Syria in 2015. Mahmouds journey is punctuated by icy rain even when he is still on dry land, as in Turkey, where his family scrambles for a dry place to stay. eNotes.com Margaret Neville, The King's English Bookstore, 2018 Sydney Taylor Book Award Winner for Older Readers, 2018 National Jewish Book Award Winner for Young Adults, New York Times Notable Middle Grade Childrens Book 2017, 2017 Cybils Middle Grade Fiction Award Winner, 2018 Indies Choice/E.B. It is called the most deadly conflict of the 21st century thus far, with 250,000 casualties and millions Syrians who have been forced to flee the devastation. About Press Copyright Contact us Creators Advertise Developers Terms Privacy Policy & Safety How YouTube works Test new features Press Copyright Contact us Creators . Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 6 days, Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 8 days, Isabel: Straits of Florida 1994, 1 day (1), Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 10 days, Isabel: Straits of Florida 1994, 1 day (2), Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 11 days, Isabel: The Straits of Florida 1994, 1 day (3), Mahmoud: Izmir, Turkey 2015, 11 days (1), Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 14 days, Isabel: The Straits of Florida 1994, 1 day (4), Mahmoud: Izmir, Turkey 2015, 11 days (2), Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 17 days, Isabel: Straits of Florida 1994, 2 days, Mahmoud: The Mediterranean 2015, 11 days (1), Mahmoud: The Mediterranean 2015, 11 days (2), Isabel: Between Bahamas and Florida 1994, 4 days, Mahmoud: The Mediterranean 2015, 11 days (3), Isabel: Between Bahamas and Florida 1994, 5 days (1), Mahmoud: Lesbos to Athens 2015, 12 days (3), Isabel: Between Bahamas and Florida 1994, 5 days (2), Mahmoud: Macedonia to Serbia 2015, 14-15 days, Isabel: Coast of Florida 1994, 5 days (1), Mahmoud: Serbia to Hungary 2015, 15-16 days, Isabel: Coast of Florida 1994, 5 days (2), Isabel: Coast of Florida 1994, 5 days (3), Josef: Vornay, France 1940, 1 year, 1 month, 10 days, Isabel: Coast of Florida 1994, 5 days (4), Mahmoud: Hungary to Germany 2015, 17 days. Isabel: Between Bahamas and Florida - 1994, 5 days (1) Themes and Colors Key While walking on the boat afterwards, a newly minted man, he overhears the stewards discussing how the ships engines are maxed out - in order to beat the other ships to Cuba. The rumor proves all too true, however, when the ship is marooned at the Cuban harbor for days, with officials telling the passengers day after day they will be allowed to disembark maanaSpanish for tomorrow. Aaron, who suffers a mental breakdown and jumps ship, is rescued by a Cuban police officer called Mariano Padron and allowed into Cuba, but Josef, Rachel, and Ruthand the rest of the passengers of the St. Louisare turned back.